What is a DATA step primarily used for in SAS?

The DATA step in SAS is primarily used for reading data from an input source and creating a new data set. This core functionality allows users to manipulate data efficiently by enabling various operations such as data input, transformations, and data management. During the DATA step, you can read raw data, perform calculations, and create new variables or observations, which results in the generation of a new data set that can be further analyzed or processed.

In contrast, while sorting data in a specific order, creating reports, and transforming data into visual graphics are important tasks in data analysis, these functions are typically performed using other SAS procedures (PROCs). Sorting would generally be handled by PROC SORT, report generation would often utilize PROC PRINT or PROC REPORT, and visualization is done through PROC SGPLOT or similar graphical procedures. Thus, the DATA step's primary role is to focus on the foundational aspect of data creation and processing.