In which steps can you use an IF statement or WHERE statement?

The correct response indicates that both IF statements and WHERE statements can be utilized in both DATA steps and PROC steps, highlighting flexibility in SAS to conditionally process data in different contexts.

In a DATA step, an IF statement allows for conditional execution of statements based on the evaluation of specified conditions, enabling tailored data manipulation and transformation. For instance, you can create new variables or filter records based on certain criteria right in the DATA step.

Similarly, a WHERE statement can be applied in PROC steps to filter observations that meet specified conditions before analysis. This allows you to limit the data processed by statistical procedures without altering the original dataset. Therefore, when using PROC SQL or any other procedures, you can efficiently work with only the relevant observations.

This versatility in utilizing both IF and WHERE statements across different steps in SAS allows for optimized data management and reporting, making the tool powerful for data analysis.